Pneumocystosis
Chapter 71 Pneumocystosis Remo Lobetti Overview of Pneumocystosis First Described: Pneumocystis was first discovered in Brazil in 1909 (Chagas), when it was initially mistaken for a trypanosome.1 It was first…
Bite and Scratch Wound Infections
Chapter 57 Bite and Scratch Wound Infections Jane E. Sykes Overview of Bacterial Bite Wound Infections Causes: A variety of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria that include mycoplasmas and mycobacterial species….
Anaerobic Bacterial Infections
Chapter 37 Anaerobic Bacterial Infections Jane E. Sykes Overview of Anaerobic Bacterial Infections First Described: 1860s (Louis Pasteur)1 Causes: Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Peptostreptococcus, Fusobacterium, Clostridium, Propionibacterium, other species Geographic Distribution:…
Cryptosporidiosis
Chapter 81 Cryptosporidiosis Michael R. Lappin Overview of Cryptosporidiosis First Described: Cryptosporidium was first described in mice in 1907 (Tyzzer).1 Although Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were reported in feces of cats…
Yersinia pestis (Plague) and Other Yersinioses
Chapter 55 Yersinia pestis (Plague) and Other Yersinioses Jane E. Sykes and Bruno B. Chomel Overview of Plague First Described: Descriptions of plague date back to around 1300 bc. The…
Streptococcal and Enterococcal Infections
Chapter 34 Streptococcal and Enterococcal Infections Jane E. Sykes Overview of Streptococcal and Enterococcal Infections First Described: Streptococci were first described in Germany in 1868 by Billroth.1 Enterococci were separated…
Neosporosis
Chapter 73 Neosporosis Jane E. Sykes Overview of Neosporosis First Described: 1984, in boxer dogs in Norway (Bjerkas and others)1 Cause: Neospora caninum, a coccidial protozoan parasite (phylum Apicomplexa) Affected…
Hemoplasma Infections
Chapter 41 Hemoplasma Infections Jane E. Sykes and Séverine Tasker Overview of Hemoplasma Infections First Described: Feline hemoplasmas, South Africa, 1942 (Clark)1; canine hemoplasmas, Germany, 1928 (Kikuth)2 Cause: Mycoplasma haemofelis,…
Intra-abdominal Infections
Chapter 88 Intra-abdominal Infections Jane E. Sykes Overview of Bacterial Intra-abdominal and Hepatobiliary Infections Causes: Most commonly Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., and anaerobes; less often other gram-negative aerobes, Streptococcus, and…
Giardiasis
Chapter 79 Giardiasis Michael R. Lappin Overview of Giardiasis First Described: Trophozoites that were likely Giardia spp. were first described in 1681 by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (who found the parasite…
