The Muscular System
Chapter 6 The Muscular System John W. Hermanson Introduction The muscular system is composed of contractile units of varied morphologic characteristics, activated by voluntary or involuntary nerve impulses or by…
The Lymphatic System
Chapter 13 The Lymphatic System Abraham J. Bezuidenhout Our knowledge of the structure and function of the lymphatic system has increased substantially during recent decades. This is equally true of…
Spinal Cord and Meninges
Chapter 16 Spinal Cord and Meninges Thomas F. Fletcher The Spinal Cord The spinal cord and the brain constitute the central nervous system. The spinal cord is enclosed within the…
Introduction to the Nervous System
Chapter 14 Introduction to the Nervous System General The nervous system (systema nervosum) informs an animal about its environment, both internal and external, and initiates responses to that environment. Other…
The Endocrine System
Chapter 10 The Endocrine System Ronald L. Hullinger General Features of the Endocrine Glands The endocrine system differs from other body systems in that the component organs are not in…
The Integument
Chapter 3 The Integument Fakhri Al-Bagdadi The common integument (integumentum commune) comprises the skin, hair, claws, pads, and skin glands, including the glands of the paranal sinus and the mammary…
The Dog and Its Relatives
Chapter 1 The Dog and Its Relatives This text is based on anatomic studies of many dogs of diverse and usually unknown ancestry commonly referred to as mongrels. Domestic dogs…
