Third Eyelid
Chapter 3 Third Eyelid INTRODUCTION The third eyelid (membrana nictitans) is composed of a T-shaped cartilage with the third eyelid lacrimal gland at its base, entirely covered with conjunctiva. The…
Echocardiography
Chapter 9 Echocardiography Celia M. Marr, Mark Patteson CHAPTER CONTENTS Introduction Physics and principles Echocardiographic equipment The echocardiographic examination Interpretation of blood pool doppler echocardiograms Identification of disease-induced changes in…
Cardiac responses to exercise and training
Chapter 3 Cardiac responses to exercise and training David L. Evans, Lesley E. Young CHAPTER CONTENTS Introduction Cardiac responses to exercise Cardiac responses to training Resting cardiac rhythm in horses…
Heart failure
Chapter 19 Heart failure Celia M. Marr CHAPTER CONTENTS Introduction Clinical signs of heart failure Differential diagnosis of heart failure Diagnostic approach in heart failure Specific forms of heart failure…
Cardiac murmurs: valvular regurgitation and insufficiency
Chapter 16 Cardiac murmurs valvular regurgitation and insufficiency Celia M. Marr CHAPTER CONTENTS Introduction Pathological and physiological regurgitation Clinical assessment of horses with murmurs Aortic valvular regurgitation and insufficiency Mitral…
Auscultation
Chapter 8 Auscultation Karen Blissitt CHAPTER CONTENTS Introduction Aetiology of cardiac murmurs Identification of normal heart sounds Identification of murmurs Diagnosis of specific murmurs INTRODUCTION Despite the lack of gross…
Dysrhythmias: assessment and medical management
Chapter 13 Dysrhythmias assessment and medical management Virginia B. Reef, Celia M. Marr CHAPTER CONTENTS Introduction Identification and assessment of dysrhythmias Classification of dysrhythmias INTRODUCTION Cardiac dysrhythmias occur frequently in…
Cardiac murmurs: congenital heart disease
Chapter 15 Cardiac murmurs congenital heart disease Celia M. Marr CHAPTER CONTENTS Prevalence of congenital cardiac disease Normal and abnormal development of the heart Adaptation from fetal to neonatal circulation…
