Leukocyte Disorders
4 Leukocyte Disorders Harold Tvedten, Rose E. Raskin Basic Leukocyte Concepts Leukogram Leukocyte responses in the patient are evaluated by the leukogram. The leukogram is the leukocyte portion of the…
SMALL ANIMAL
Endocrine, Metabolic, and Lipid Disorders
8 Endocrine, Metabolic, and Lipid Disorders Richard W. Nelson Calcium Commonly Indicated Common indications for serum calcium concentration include patients with lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, constipation, weakness, polydipsia, polyuria (i.e., signs…
Hemostatic Abnormalities
5 Hemostatic Abnormalities Harold Tvedten Goals of Hemostasis Testing Recently the goals of hemostasis testing have undergone a paradigm shift. Previously testing was primarily used to determine why the patient…
Gastrointestinal, Pancreatic, and Hepatic Disorders
9 Gastrointestinal, Pancreatic, and Hepatic Disorders Michael D. Willard, David C. Twedt Some gastrointestinal (GI) problems (e.g., vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, anorexia, icterus, hepatomegaly, abnormal behavior associated with eating, abdominal…
Respiratory and Cardiac Disorders
11 Respiratory and Cardiac Disorders Ned F. Kuehn, Sonya G. Gordon Respiratory Problems Dyspnea Dyspnea (also called respiratory distress) is an inappropriate degree of breathing effort based on respiratory rate,…
Urinary Disorders
7 Urinary Disorders Jeanne A. Barsanti Differentiation Of Polyuria-Polydipsia, Dysuria, And Incontinence These three abnormalities must be differentiated early in the diagnostic workup by history or direct observation of urination….
Immunologic and Plasma Protein Disorders
12 Immunologic and Plasma Protein Disorders Mark C. Johnson Serum Total Protein and Albumin Commonly Indicated Indicated in most ill patients, but especially those with known or suspected anemia, edema,…
Electrolyte and Acid-Base Disorders
6 Electrolyte and Acid-Base Disorders Stephen P. DiBartola Electrolyte and acid-base disorders may result from many different diseases. Timely correction of fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base disturbances is often of more…
Microbiology and Infectious Disease
15 Microbiology and Infectious Disease Michael R. Lappin Infectious agents may be identified directly by cytologic analysis, histopathologic evaluation, culture, viral isolation, antigen detection, or nucleic acid amplification techniques. Polymerase…
Neurologic Disorders
14 Neurologic Disorders Jonathan M. Levine, Gwendolyn J. Levine Diagnosis of neurologic disease has continued to evolve in human and veterinary medicine, in large part due to advances in imaging,…
