Lactic Acidosis
Chapter 60 Lactic Acidosis Jan P. Kovacic, DVM, DACVECC KEY POINTS • Lactate is synthesized from pyruvate and must be metabolized back to pyruvate to be removed. In anaerobic conditions,…
Traumatic Brain Injury
Chapter 152 Traumatic Brain Injury Daniel J. Fletcher, DVM, PhD, DACVECC, Rebecca S. Syring, DVM, DACVECC KEY POINTS • Identification and management of extracranial disorders, such as systemic hypotension, hypoxemia,…
Electrocardiogram Evaluation
Chapter 211 Electrocardiogram Evaluation Matthew S. Mellema, DVM, PhD KEY POINTS • The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an extremely useful and cost-effective monitoring tool. • ECG monitoring is indicated for nearly…
Narcotic Agonists and Antagonists
Chapter 184 Narcotic Agonists and Antagonists Ralph C. Harvey, DVM, MS, DACVA KEY POINTS • Opioids are an important class of drugs for critically ill veterinary patients because of their…
Daily Intravenous Fluid Therapy
Chapter 64 Daily Intravenous Fluid Therapy Deborah C. Silverstein, DVM, DACVECC KEY POINTS • Daily intravenous fluid therapy is used to correct dehydration, provide maintenance fluid and electrolyte needs, and…
Blood Film Evaluation
Chapter 122 Blood Film Evaluation Alan H. Rebar, DVM, PhD, DACVP KEY POINTS • Blood film evaluation provides both general information regarding the health status of emergent and critically ill…
Vestibular Disease
Chapter 104 Vestibular Disease Simon R. Platt, BVM&S, DACVIM (Neurology), DECVN, MRCVS KEY POINTS • Patients with vestibular disease have dysfunction of the vestibular system and are often presented for…
Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome
Chapter 68 Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome Amie Koenig, DVM, DACVIM, DACVECC KEY POINTS • Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS) is a form of diabetic crisis marked by severe hyperglycemia (>600 mg/dl) and…
Anesthesia of the Critically Ill Patient
Chapter 163 Anesthesia of the Critically ill Patient Jane Quandt, DVM, MS, BS, DACVA, DACVECC KEY POINTS • Stabilization of the critically ill animal before anesthesia is imperative to minimize…
Electrical and Lightning Injuries
Chapter 159 Electrical and Lightning Injuries F.A. Mann, DVM, MS, DACVS, DACVECC KEY POINTS • Electrical injury results from the direct effects of the electrical current and from the transformation…
