The coughing and/or dyspnoeic cancer patient
7 The coughing and/or dyspnoeic cancer patient Coughing is a clinical sign associated with tracheal or lung pathology and therefore is suggestive of intrathoracic neoplasia in a cancer patient, whilst…
The haematuric/stranguric/dysuric cancer patient
13 The haematuric/stranguric/dysuric cancer patient Haematuria is defined as the presence of excessive numbers of erythrocytes within the urine and therefore from a cancerous disease viewpoint, haematuria can be caused…
The lame cancer patient
14 The lame cancer patient The identification of an animal being lame due to a neoplastic disease usually causes owners significant distress as they face the possibility of considering amputation…
The dysphagic/gagging/regurgitating cancer patient
8 The dysphagic/gagging/regurgitating cancer patient Dysphagia is defined as painful or difficult swallowing and can usually be subclassified as oral dysphagia, pharyngeal dysphagia and cricopharyngeal dysphagia. Dysphagia, therefore, generally refers…
Principles of cancer surgery
2 Principles of cancer surgery In most cancer patients, obtaining a preoperative diagnosis before contemplating surgery is desirable. Knowledge of the type and possible grade of the tumour will allow…
The vomiting and/or diarrhoeic cancer patient
9 The vomiting and/or diarrhoeic cancer patient Vomiting is the active expulsion of material from within the stomach and/or upper small intestine. Vomiting should always be differentiated from regurgitation either…
The polydipsic cancer patient
12 The polydipsic cancer patient INTRODUCTION Polydipsia is defined as when an animal drinks in excess of 100 ml/kg/day, although a high degree of suspicion for polydipsia can be reached when…
The haematochezic or dyschezic cancer patient
10 The haematochezic or dyschezic cancer patient Haematochezia describes the presence of what appears to be fresh blood on the surface of, passed concurrently with, or admixed into faeces. This…
Principles of cancer radiotherapy
4 Principles of cancer radiotherapy Radiotherapy is an extremely effective treatment modality in the management of cancer patients, either as a single treatment or as part of a multimodality protocol….
Acid-Base Balance and Blood Gases
15 Acid-Base Balance and Blood Gases “The management of a balance of power is a permanent undertaking, not an exertion that has a foreseeable end.” HENRY KISSINGER Overview Conventional approaches…
