Listeria species
Chapter 12 Listeria species Genus Characteristics The genus Listeria belongs to the Listeria-Brochothrix family which is a subline within the Clostridium subdivision. Six species form the genus Listeria: L. monocytogenes,…
The dimorphic fungi
Chapter 41 The dimorphic fungi The dimorphic fungi present two growth forms, a mould when growing saprophytically in the environment or when on culture media at 25–30°C, and a yeast…
Rhabdoviridae
Chapter 63 Rhabdoviridae Rhabdoviruses are named from the Greek word rhabdos meaning rod which refers to their distinctive morphology. The family Rhabdoviridae along with the families Paramyxoviridae, Bornaviridae and Filoviridae…
Poxviridae
Chapter 51 Poxviridae The name pox is derived from an old English word ‘poc’ which means a vesicular skin lesion. Poxviral diseases typically affect the skin. Poxviruses are among the…
Chlamydiales
Chapter 33 Chlamydiales This large group of obligate intracellular bacteria is characterized by a unique, biphasic developmental cycle involving replication in cytoplasmic inclusion vacuoles within eukaryotic cells (Fig. 33.1). The…
Rickettsiales and Coxiella burnetii
Chapter 34 Rickettsiales and Coxiella burnetii The members of the Rickettsiales are minute, non-motile, pleomorphic, obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacteria. They are rods or coccobacilli, visible under the light microscope and…
Erysipelothrix species
Chapter 13 Erysipelothrix species Genus Characteristics The genus Erysipelothrix is now classified as part of the regular non-spore-forming Gram-positive rods group along with Lactobacillus and Listeria. Erysipelothrix species are mesophilic,…
Retroviridae
Chapter 65 Retroviridae Retroviruses (Latin retro, backwards) are spherical, labile, enveloped RNA viruses with a diameter of 80 to 100 nm (Fig. 65.1). Two subfamilies comprising seven genera are currently recognized…
Campylobacter, Arcobacter and Helicobacter species
Chapter 24 Campylobacter, Arcobacter and Helicobacter species Genus Characteristics The Campylobacter species are members of the family Campylobacteraceae, together with Arcobacter species and Bacteroides ureolyticus. They are thin, curved, Gram-negative…
Reoviridae
Chapter 55 Reoviridae The term reovirus is an acronym derived from respiratory, enteric and orphan viruses. Original isolations of these viruses were from respiratory and enteric samples but without associated…
