Rhabdoviridae
Chapter 63 Rhabdoviridae Rhabdoviruses are named from the Greek word rhabdos meaning rod which refers to their distinctive morphology. The family Rhabdoviridae along with the families Paramyxoviridae, Bornaviridae and Filoviridae…
Poxviridae
Chapter 51 Poxviridae The name pox is derived from an old English word ‘poc’ which means a vesicular skin lesion. Poxviral diseases typically affect the skin. Poxviruses are among the…
Chlamydiales
Chapter 33 Chlamydiales This large group of obligate intracellular bacteria is characterized by a unique, biphasic developmental cycle involving replication in cytoplasmic inclusion vacuoles within eukaryotic cells (Fig. 33.1). The…
Rickettsiales and Coxiella burnetii
Chapter 34 Rickettsiales and Coxiella burnetii The members of the Rickettsiales are minute, non-motile, pleomorphic, obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacteria. They are rods or coccobacilli, visible under the light microscope and…
Erysipelothrix species
Chapter 13 Erysipelothrix species Genus Characteristics The genus Erysipelothrix is now classified as part of the regular non-spore-forming Gram-positive rods group along with Lactobacillus and Listeria. Erysipelothrix species are mesophilic,…
Retroviridae
Chapter 65 Retroviridae Retroviruses (Latin retro, backwards) are spherical, labile, enveloped RNA viruses with a diameter of 80 to 100 nm (Fig. 65.1). Two subfamilies comprising seven genera are currently recognized…
Campylobacter, Arcobacter and Helicobacter species
Chapter 24 Campylobacter, Arcobacter and Helicobacter species Genus Characteristics The Campylobacter species are members of the family Campylobacteraceae, together with Arcobacter species and Bacteroides ureolyticus. They are thin, curved, Gram-negative…
Reoviridae
Chapter 55 Reoviridae The term reovirus is an acronym derived from respiratory, enteric and orphan viruses. Original isolations of these viruses were from respiratory and enteric samples but without associated…
Bordetella species
Chapter 28 Bordetella species Genus Characteristics Bordetella species are small (0.2–0.5 µm in diameter and 0.5–2.0 µm in length), Gram-negative rods which tend to be coccobacillary. They belong to the Alcaligenaceae family….
Brucella species
Chapter 23 Brucella species Genus Characteristics Brucella species are small Gram-negative rods (0.5–0.7 × 0.6–1.5 µm) that often appear coccobacillary. The brucellae were previously divided into six species based principally on…
