Cardiovascular Infections
Chapter 86 Cardiovascular Infections Clay A. Calvert and Justin D. Thomason Bacteremia Bacteremia indicates the presence of bacteria in the blood, and although a presumptive diagnosis can be offered on…
INTERNAL MEDICINE
Cryptosporidiosis and Cyclosporiasis
Chapter 81 Cryptosporidiosis and Cyclosporiasis Valeria Scorza and Michael R. Lappin Cryptosporidiosis Etiology and Epidemiology Cryptosporidium is a ubiquitous coccidian genus in the phylum Apicomplexa, class Conoidasida, suborder Eimeria, family…
Pneumocystosis
Chapter 66 Pneumocystosis Remo Lobetti Etiology Pneumocystis carinii, the etiologic agent of pneumocystosis, occurs worldwide and infects virtually all mammalian species, including humans. Pneumocystis is a saprophyte of low virulence…
Mycobacterial Infections
Chapter 48 Mycobacterial Infections Mycobacterial infections are caused by bacteria that belong to the family Mycobacteriaceae, order Actinomycetales. Mycobacterium is a genus comprising morphologically similar, aerobic, non-spore-forming, nonmotile, pleomorphic bacterial…
Coccidioidomycosis and Paracoccidioidomycosis
Chapter 60 Coccidioidomycosis and Paracoccidioidomycosis Russell T. Greene Coccidioidomycosis Etiology Coccidioidiomycosis is a disease caused by two distinct species of Coccidioides that can accurately be distinguished by genetic analysis. This…
Histoplasmosis
Chapter 58 Histoplasmosis Catharina Brömel and Craig E. Greene Etiology The etiologic agent of American histoplasmosis is the soilborne, dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. This organism can survive wide fluctuations in…
Immunodeficiencies and Infectious Diseases
Chapter 94 Immunodeficiencies and Infectious Diseases Urs Giger and Jo Smith Immunodeficiencies are a large heterogeneous group of hereditary and acquired disorders of host immunity that can be associated with…
Neurologic Diseases of Suspected Infectious Origin and Prion Disease
Chapter 82 Neurologic Diseases of Suspected Infectious Origin and Prion Disease The conditions described in this chapter are suspected to be caused by insidious infectious agents or immune aberrations in…
Rabies and Other Lyssavirus Infections
Chapter 20 Rabies and Other Lyssavirus Infections Craig E. Greene Etiology Rabies Rabies virus is the prototype of the genus Lyssavirus in the family Rhabdoviridae.89 These agents are enveloped, bullet-shaped…
Francisella and Coxiella Infections
Chapter 46 Francisella and Coxiella Infections Craig E. Greene Tularemia Etiology Tularemia is an acute bacterial infection of many avian and mammalian species, including dogs and cats and occasionally people….
