Leaks, dribbles urine
75 Leaks, dribbles urine INTRODUCTION Leaking or dribbling urine is a passive action and urine is found where the animal has been sitting or lying and may occur as the…
Meningitis of large breed dogs
70 Meningitis of large breed dogs INITIAL PRESENTATION Acute onset of neck pain, fever, lethargy, reluctance to walk, and a stiff gait. SIGNALMENT A 1-year, 3-month-old male golden retriever dog….
Lameness: Nerve root tumours
52 Lameness Nerve root tumours INITIAL PRESENTATION Tumours of the peripheral nerve sheath such as schwannomas are slow-growing and typically present as a chronic persistent forelimb lameness lasting months for…
UMN: Spinal fracture
42 UMN Spinal fracture INITIAL PRESENTATION Spinal pain, paralysis/paresis, proprioceptive deficits, urinary incontinence. INTRODUCTION Most fractures are due to road traffic accidents (RTA) and most occur in the thoracolumbar spine….
Posture – an introduction
54 Posture – an introduction Posture is a description of the relative placement, arrangement, or position of the animal’s head, body and limbs with respect to gravity. The term attitude…
Lameness: Nerve root compression
51 Lameness Nerve root compression INITIAL PRESENTATION • Nerve root compression or infiltration causes pain, resulting in ‘root signature’ lameness in the innervated limb. • Three cases of forelimb lameness…
Hydrocephalus
20 Hydrocephalus INITIAL PRESENTATION Seizures. INTRODUCTION What appears strikingly abnormal to a vet does not always ring warning bells for the general public. In fact, one owner presented his ‘rottweiler…
Torticollis
55 Torticollis INTRODUCTION Scoliosis describes a lateral curvature of the spine. It may be congenital due to a wedge-shaped malformation of vertebral bodies (hemivertebrae). Acquired scoliosis occurs secondary to syringomyelia…
