Fluid and Blood Therapy

May 28, 2017 by in GENERAL Comments Off on Fluid and Blood Therapy

I. BIOCHEMICAL BASIS OF FLUID THERAPY A. Body water 1. Water content is 55–60% of body weight in mature animals, 70–75% in immature animals, and 50% in obese animals. 2….

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Antiparasitic Agents

May 28, 2017 by in GENERAL Comments Off on Antiparasitic Agents

I. INTRODUCTION. Antiparasitics are drugs that reduce parasite burdens to a tolerable level by killing parasites or inhibiting their growth. The ideal antiparasitic has a wide therapeutic index (i.e., the…

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Anesthetics

May 28, 2017 by in GENERAL Comments Off on Anesthetics

I. INTRODUCTION. Anesthesia is a reversible process resulting in the total loss of sensation in a body part or the whole body. Anesthesia may be induced by a drug or…

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Diuretics

May 28, 2017 by in GENERAL Comments Off on Diuretics

I. INTRODUCTION A. Diuretics are drugs that increase urinary loss of sodium ions (Na+) and water. By shrinking extracellular fluid (ECF) volume, they mobilize edema fluid from the interstitial space…

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Drugs Affecting Peripheral Nervous System

May 28, 2017 by in GENERAL Comments Off on Drugs Affecting Peripheral Nervous System

I. INTRODUCTION TO THE PERIPHERAL EFFERENT NERVOUS SYSTEM A. T al muscle and controls motor functions of the body. Axons originate from the spinal cord and release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine…

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Endocrine Pharmacology

May 28, 2017 by in GENERAL Comments Off on Endocrine Pharmacology

I. ENDOCRINE FUNCTION. Hormones are natural secretions of endocrine glands that can exert powerful effects on other cells/tissues. Compounds that produce hormonelike effects have important therapeutic uses for the treatment…

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Autacoids and Their Pharmacological Modulators

May 28, 2017 by in GENERAL Comments Off on Autacoids and Their Pharmacological Modulators

I. INTRODUCTION A. Definitions 1. Autacoids are chemical mediators that are synthesized and function in a localized tissue or area and participate in physiologic or pathophysiologic responses to injury. They…

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Drugs Acting on the Gastrointestinal Tract

May 28, 2017 by in GENERAL Comments Off on Drugs Acting on the Gastrointestinal Tract

I. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS A. Gastrointestinal (GI) disease is a common clinical problem where signs of vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia predominate. Rapid diagnosis is essential for symptomatic or specific therapies to…

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Antimicrobial Drugs

May 28, 2017 by in GENERAL Comments Off on Antimicrobial Drugs

I. INTRODUCTION A. Selection of an antimicrobial drug. Antimicrobial therapy is based upon the selective toxicity of the drug for invading organisms rather than mammalian cells. It is important to…

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