Chapter 7 Uvea INTRODUCTION The internal vascular layers of the eye—the iris and ciliary body in the anterior segment and the choroid of the posterior segment—make up the uvea. These…

Chapter 5 Cornea INTRODUCTION The cornea is a vital part of the eye. Lesions of the cornea are often readily obvious to pet owners, because these lesions may be easily…

Chapter 8 Lens INTRODUCTION Most pathology that affects the lens, aside from rare congenital defects, is described as a cataract. A cataract is an opacity in the lens that can…

Chapter 1 Eyelid INTRODUCTION The eyelids are composed of skin, eyelid muscles, eyelid glands (particularly the meibomian glands), and the palpebral conjunctiva, which lines the inner surface of the eyelids….

Chapter 9 Glaucoma INTRODUCTION Glaucoma, a disease that affects the optic nerve, is characterized by the death of ganglion cells and is associated with a pathologic elevation of the intraocular…

Chapter 13 Orbit INTRODUCTION The conditions involving the eye and orbit essentially can be divided into those in which the eye itself is abnormally sized (e.g., microphthalmos, phthisis bulbi, glaucoma)…

Chapter 2 Conjunctiva INTRODUCTION The conjunctiva is a highly vascular layer on the surface of the eye and eyelids. It functions in some respects as a lymph node does, reacting…

Chapter 12 Optic Nerve INTRODUCTION The optic nerve enters the eye through the lamina cribrosa of the sclera. In cats the normal optic nerve loses its myelination as it enters…

Chapter 4 Lacrimal System INTRODUCTION Conditions of the nasolacrimal system affect the lacrimal secretions, particularly the aqueous phase of the tear film secreted by the lacrimal and third eyelid glands…

Chapter 3 Third Eyelid INTRODUCTION The third eyelid (membrana nictitans) is composed of a T-shaped cartilage with the third eyelid lacrimal gland at its base, entirely covered with conjunctiva. The…