Miscellaneous Orthopedic Conditions
Chapter 69 Miscellaneous Orthopedic Conditions Heather A. Towle and Gert J. Breur Constitutional Bone and Cartilage Diseases Constitutional bone and cartilage diseases are identified at or shortly after birth and…
Nasal Planum, Nasal Cavity, and Sinuses
Chapter 99 Nasal Planum, Nasal Cavity, and Sinuses Chad W. Schmiedt and Kate E. Creevy Anatomy Nose The nasal cavity begins at the nostril, ends at the choanae, and is…
Liver and Biliary System
Chapter 95 Liver and Biliary System Philipp D. Mayhew and Chick Weisse Surgery of the liver and extrahepatic biliary tract is one of the more technically challenging areas in small…
Fractures of the Tibia and Fibula
Chapter 63 Fractures of the Tibia and Fibula Kei Hayashi and Amy S. Kapatkin Fractures of the tibia are relatively common in dogs and cats, accounting for 10% to 20%…
Vagina, Vestibule, and Vulva
Chapter 110 Vagina, Vestibule, and Vulva Christopher A. Adin Embryology During fetal development, the canine external genitalia are initially contiguous with the hindgut, opening at a common cloaca (Figure 110-1)….
Soft Tissues of the Oral Cavity
Chapter 87 Soft Tissues of the Oral Cavity Gregory M. Anderson The oral cavity generally refers to the space and associated structures bound laterally and rostrally by the lips and…
Testes and Scrotum
Chapter 111 Testes and Scrotum Heather A. Towle Anatomy Testes and Epididymides The testes, or male gonads, are oval in shape and directed dorsocaudally. Each testis with its respective epididymis…
External Skeletal Fixation
Chapter 44 External Skeletal Fixation Steven A. Martinez and Charles E. DeCamp Introduction and History External skeletal fixation can be used for primary or secondary stabilization of various open or…
