Chapter 39 Aspergillus species and Pneumocystis carinii Aspergillus species More than 190 species of Aspergillus have been formally recognized, most are harmless saprophytes. It is estimated that Apergillus fumigatus is…
Chapter 61 Paramyxoviridae Orthomyxoviruses and paramyxoviruses were originally grouped together and known as the ‘myxoviruses’. The name paramyxovirus is derived from two Greek words, para meaning by the side of…
Chapter 59 Togaviridae The family name is taken from the Latin word toga meaning cloak or mantle and is a reference to the viral envelope. Members of the family are…
Chapter 57 Flaviviridae The name of the family Flaviviridae is derived from the Latin word flavus meaning yellow and referring to the virus of yellow fever, which is a type…
Chapter 32 Miscellaneous Gram-negative bacteria These bacteria, not included in any other pathogenic groups, are not commonly isolated but may have importance in either animal or human disease, or as…
Chapter 53 Caliciviridae Caliciviruses derive their name from the Latin word calix meaning cup, which refers to the cup-shaped depressions visible on the surface of the virions in negative-contrast electron…
Chapter 49 Herpesviridae The family Herpesviridae includes more than 100 viruses infecting fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals including man. Their ubiquitous occurrence, evolutionary diversity and involvement in a range…
Chapter 47 Papillomaviridae Members of the family Papillomaviridae are non-enveloped with icosahedral capsids (Fig. 47.1). Virions contain a single molecule of circular double-stranded DNA. The name is derived from the…
Chapter 64 Bunyaviridae This family is one of the largest, with more than 300 member species. Bunyaviruses derive their name from Bunyamwera, the location in Uganda where the type species…
Chapter 45 Parvoviridae Parvoviruses (from the Latin word parvus meaning small) are unenveloped, icosahedral in symmetry and possess a linear genome of single-stranded DNA (Fig. 45.1). Their size ranges from…
