Exotic Pets
15 Exotic Pets Michael Dutton Contemporary Exotic Pet Information A growing area of pet ownership currently includes what are termed exotic pets. The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) categorizes these…
Animal Pain
19 Animal Pain Bea Monteiro and Sheilah Robertson Introduction Pain is a personal, complex experience influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. The International Association for the Study of Pain…
Moral Stress
22 Moral Stress Carrie Jurney and Barry Kipperman What Is Moral Stress? The term moral stress (also referred to as moral distress) was introduced in the human nursing profession to…
Laboratory Animals
11 Laboratory Animals Larry Carbone Veterinarians swear to protect animal welfare and relieve animal suffering. How can they participate in animal research that causes so much animal suffering? On the…
