Chapter 11 Obstructive Uropathy and Nephropathy Introduction A. Obstructive nephropathy refers to the functional and anatomical effects of obstruction on the kidney. B. Obstructive uropathy refers to local effects on…
Chapter 4 Specific Syndromes Causing Acute Intrinsic Renal Failure Ethylene Glycol (EG) Toxicity Introduction and Pathophysiology A. Consumption of EG is an important cause of acute intrinsic renal failure (AIRF)…
Chapter 8 Cystitis and Urethritis Urinary Tract Infection Introduction A. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is defined as bacterial colonization of portions of the urinary tract that normally are sterile (i.e.,…
Chapter 14 Tumors of the Urinary System Renal Neoplasia I. Primary renal tumors are uncommon, comprising approximately 1% of all neoplasms in dogs and 1% to 1.5% of all neoplasms…
Chapter 5 Chronic Renal Failure Introduction A. Chronic renal failure (CRF) occurs when the compensatory mechanisms of chronically diseased kidneys are no longer able to maintain adequate functions to excrete…
Chapter 10 Nonobstructive Idiopathic or Interstitial Cystitis in Cats Terminology Feline Urological Syndrome (FUS) and Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD) 1. Previously used terminology is confusing and reflects a…
Chapter 1 Urinalysis Introduction A. Routine urinalysis is simple and inexpensive. B. Urinalysis not only is helpful in evaluation of patients with urinary tract disease but also in those with…
Chapter 13 Disorders of Micturition and Urinary Incontinence Introduction A. Micturition is the process of urinary storage (filling) and voiding (emptying). Approximately 99% of the time, the bladder and urethra…
Chapter 3 Acute Renal Failure Introduction A. Acute renal failure (ARF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by an abrupt increase in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations to…
Chapter 15 Approach to Polyuria and Polydipsia Normal Physiology Polydipsia 1. Polydipsia (PD) is defined as consumption of a larger than normal amount of water per day. a. Normal water…
