Practice Tip to Facilitate Procedure A magnification lens with built-in light source facilitates visualization of the distal NL duct opening. This procedure is greatly facilitated by sedation or general anesthesia….
Practice Tip to Facilitate Procedure Uncontrolled parasympathetic responses have been observed during enucleation in camelids. Vagal response is noted by acute, severe bradycardia and hypotension. Although rare, the surgeon and…
Figure 22.2 One to two milliliters of 2% lidocaine are injected into the subcutaneous tissues en route to the epidural space. Insert the needle through the skin and approximately 1…
Ultrasonography of the scrotum can be done using a sector scan probe or a linear array probe. High MHz probes are desired to increase the resolution of the tissues being…
Figure 32.2 Postmortem specimen in left lateral recumbency with ribs resected, showing the orientation of the thoracic organs. The cardiac notch of the right lung is labeled (A). Figure 32.3…
Practice Tip to Facilitate Procedure Infiltration of lidocaine for local anesthesia can easily accumulate dosages approaching toxicity. The total body dosage of lidocaine should not exceed 4 mg/kg body weight (1…
Milk and Mastitis Llama milk differs from that of other traditional livestock species, having more protein, sugar, and calcium and less fat, sodium, potassium, and chloride than other ruminants. Acute…
During copulation the stud will “orgle.” Orgling is a low, humming sound with an occasional grunt. Once the stud has adequately positioned himself, he will then begin to insert his…
Figure 4.2 A commercially available alpaca chute. Figure 4.3 Alpaca chute with straps demonstrating means of providing additional restraint. RESTRAINT/POSITION Standing/cushed position may be used. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE/METHOD Haltered…
