Veterian Key

44 Chronic Renal Failure Mala Erickson, Stanley I. Rubin 1. What is the definition of chronic renal failure (CRF)? Progressive development of polyuria, abnormal but generally stable glomerular filtration rate…

42 Liver Anthony P. Carr APPROACH TO THE DOG WITH ICTERUS 1. What is the difference between icterus and hyperbilirubinemia? Icterus or jaundice are similar expressions and refer to visible…

41 Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency Anthony P. Carr 1. What is exocrine pancreatic insufficiency? Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is a condition in which the pancreas no longer produces adequate amounts of…

40 Pancreas and Pancreatitis Anthony P. Carr 1. What function does the pancreas have? The exocrine pancreas is responsible for the production of inactive zymogens that become active digestive enzymes…

36 The Approach to Ascites Anthony P. Carr 1. What clinical signs are associated with ascites? The clinical signs associated with ascites can be either masked or exacerbated by the…

35 The Approach to Diarrhea Anthony P. Carr 1. How can large-bowel diarrhea be differentiated from small-bowel diarrhea? Certain criteria help to differentiate the source of diarrhea; they are listed…

33 Central Diabetes Insipidus David L. Panciera 1. What are the causes of central diabetes insipidus? Central diabetes insipidus is a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion by the pars…

34 The Approach to Vomiting and Regurgitation Anthony P. Carr 1. How can vomiting be differentiated from regurgitation? Vomiting is an active process whereas regurgitation is the passive expulsion of…

32 Hypoglycemia David L. Panciera 1. What are the causes of hypoglycemia? Neonatal hypoglycemia is common, and should be considered in any puppy with nonspecific clinical signs. Hypoglycemia can accompany…