Anesthesia for patients with liver disease
Anatomy and physiology The liver has four primary functions: (1) synthesis of proteins, (2) detoxification of waste products, (3) biotransformation of drugs, and (4) storage of glycogen. The liver has…
Anesthesia for small animal patients with renal disease
Introduction As the science of veterinary medicine advances life-prolonging therapies, clinicians will be exposed to increasing numbers of older patients that will require care. Along with the advancing age of…
Anesthesia for patients with respiratory disease and/or airway compromise
Introduction Because the airway extends from the oral or nasal cavity to the alveoli, airway compromise or respiratory disease has numerous manifestations. Complications can be encountered in both the upper…
Chronic pain management
General considerations While the importance of acute perioperative pain management for dogs and cats has been embraced by veterinarians in recent years, chronic pain management has lagged behind. Barriers to…
4 Intraoral Radiology
INDICATIONS Intraoral radiology is an integral part of veterinary dentistry, from diagnostics to therapy to evaluation of response to therapy. Ideal: full mouth radiographs on every patient, each dental visit…
8 Extraction Technique
INDICATIONS Cause for extraction Periodontal disease Endodontic disease: open canal; nonvital pulp; poor transillumination; periapical bone loss Tooth resorption Retained (persistent) deciduous teeth Supernumerary, crowded, or maloccluded teeth Decision process:…
32 Dental Caries (Cavities)
DEFINITION/OVERVIEW Caries is the decay of the dental hard tissues (enamel, cementum, and dentin) due to the effects of oral bacteria on fermentable carbohydrates on the tooth surface Caries is…
7 Gingival Flaps
INDICATIONS To access site for effective treatment Extraction site Flap design is discussed in this chapter; additional extraction steps discussed in Chapter 8 Periodontal surgery of deep pockets (greater than…
49 Tooth Resorption: Feline
DEFINITION/OVERVIEW Tooth resorption is defined as resorption of dental hard tissue by odontoclasts Odontoclasts derive from hematopoietic stem cells, migrate from blood vessels of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone…
34 Tooth Fracture
DEFINITION/OVERVIEW Traumatic tooth injuries may involve fracture of enamel, dentin, and cement or damage to the periodontium May involve the crown and root of the affected tooth Classified as uncomplicated…
