Fig. 2.1 Sources of fluoride toxicity in animals 2.1 Natural Sources Fluorosis in animals can occur due to high fluoride concentration naturally occurring in dietary substances including feed, fodder, concentrate ration,…
Animal species Fluoride in feed (ppm) Fluoride in water (ppm) Beef and dairy heifers 30 2.5–4 Mature dairy cattle 30 3–6 Mature beef cattle 40 4–8 Sheep 50 12–15 Horse…
Chapter 7. Diseases of the eyelids and conjunctiva CHAPTER CONTENTS Congenital anomalies and early life diseases of the eyelids and conjunctiva144 Eyelid agenesis, hypoplasia, coloboma 144 Distichiasis, ectopic cilia and…
Chapter 8. Diseases of the cornea and sclera CHAPTER CONTENTS Normal corneal anatomy202 The tear film 202 The corneal epithelium 202 Functions 202 Components 202 The corneal epithelial basal lamina…
Chapter 5. Non-surgical trauma CHAPTER CONTENTS The relative importance of ocular trauma in a mail-in pathology practice81 General post-traumatic response of ocular tissues, regardless of the type of trauma81 Non-specific…
Chapter 3. Congenital, developmental, or hereditary abnormalities in animals CHAPTER CONTENTS Objectives29 General principles of ocular embryology in relation to spontaneous developmental ocular diseases30 Abnormalities associated with infectious diseases or…
Chapter 13. The Glaucomas CHAPTER CONTENTS General considerations 419 Structure and function of the normal aqueous outflow pathways 419 The glaucomas: significance and general principles 420 Definition 420 Significance to…
Chapter 6. Diseases of the orbit CHAPTER CONTENTS Inflammatory disease of the orbit115 Orbital cellulitis or abscess secondary to tooth root inflammation 115 Orbital inflammation secondary to deep orbital soft…
Chapter 4. Surgical trauma and iatrogenic lesions CHAPTER CONTENTS Complications of intraocular surgery59 General categories of surgical complications 59 Intraoperative complications leading to submission of specimens to the pathology laboratory…
Chapter 10. Diseases of the Lens CHAPTER CONTENTS Normal anatomy323 Congenital or hereditary conditions323 Posterior lenticonus/lentiglobus 323 Aphakia, microphakia, lens coloboma 324 Congenital cataract 324 Cataract327 Cataract categorized by the…
