Veterian Key

Cecum Nonstrangulating Infarction Basic Information Definition Loss of blood supply to the cecum not associated with strangulation Epidemiology Risk Factors High parasite load and inappropriate deworming programs may predispose to…

Bufo Toad Toxicosis Basic Information Definition Exposure to Bufo spp. toads may result in the acute onset of severe cardiovascular and neurologic signs. Synonym(s) Cane, giant, or marine toad (Bufo…

Branchial Cysts Basic Information Definition Branchial cysts are congenital epithelial cysts that arise as malformations of the branchial arches during embryogenesis. They are uncommon, but when they are present, they…

Botulism Basic Information Definition A neuromuscular disorder of horses and other mammals caused by neurotoxins of Clostridium botulinum. Toxicoinfectious botulism occurs through oral ingestion of botulism and elaboration in the…

Borna Disease Basic Information Definition • Borna disease virus (BDV) is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus that causes polioencephalomyelitis in horses. • Transmission most likely occurs through contact with infected…

Angular Limb Deformity Basic Information   Definition Angular limb deformities (ALDs) result in a limb deviation in the frontal plane either toward (varus) or away (valgus) from the body. They are…

Ascites Basic Information Definition Accumulation of peritoneal fluid (transudative effusion) in the peritoneal cavity Clinical Presentation History, Chief Complaint • Abdominal distension • Inappetence, mild colic, and lethargy are frequently…

Aortic/Pulmonic Regurgitation, Acquired Basic Information   Definition • Aortic regurgitation is common in older horses, and the aortic valve is the most common valve diagnosed with pathologic changes (usually nodular or…

Black Widow Spider Toxicosis Basic Information Definition The female black widow spider, Latrodectus spp., is recognized by its characteristic red hourglass marking on the adult ventral abdomen. Only the bite…

Cervix, Defects of Basic Information Definition Cervical defects in mares may be caused by congenital, traumatic, or aging processes and may include malformations, muscle defects (healed cervical lacerations), adhesions, or…