Fig. 2.1 Confocal image of cryptochrome (CRY) immunoreactivity in the Procambarus clarkii brain at 19:00. The image corresponds to optical sections of a whole-mount preparation. Neurons of the protocebral anterior…
Fig. 7.1 The SCN from the rat. Top row: Nissl staining at two coronal levels of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Middle left: The retino-hypothalamic tract (RHT) as seen by autoradiography…
Fig. 11.1 Recording of sleep stages through EEG. Each trace is a representative recording for the indicated stage. Note the increase in voltage amplitude as NREM progresses from stage 1…
Fig. 1.1 Double plot actogram of locomotor activity in a rat kept under controlled environmental conditions. From day 1 to 5, white light (250 lux) was on at 07:00 h…
Fig. 12.1 Regulatory negative feedback system and graphs from its outcome versus time and as a phase portrait. (a) Diagram shows the main components of a regulatory negative feedback system:…
Fig. 10.1 Actograms and periodograms of representative Intact, Nursing-ZT03, and Nursing-ZT19 groups. (a, c, e) Double-plotted actograms of Intact (a), Nursing-ZT03 (c), and Nursing-ZT19 (e) groups. Black and white bars…
Fig. 14.1 The mammalian molecular clock. This circadian molecular clock has a negative feedback loop involving the genes per1-2, cry1-2, bmal1, and clock. Clock and Bmal1 are transcription factors that…
Fig. 16.1 Circadian dysfunction in locomotor activity. Mice were placed individually in cages with running wheels, and locomotor activity was recorded under different lighting conditions. Each horizontal row represents an…
Fig. 4.1 White “piaba,” Stygichthys typhlops (Teleostei: Characiformes), troglobitic fish from phreatic waters in Minas Gerais State, eastern Brazil, showing a high degree of specialization to the subterranean life, including…
Fig. 9.1 Molecular clock of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). A simplified view of the molecular circadian clock. The mammalian clock is composed of a negative feedback loop involving clock genes…
