N Nasal Discharge and Sneezing Causes of Concurrent Nasal Discharge and Sneezing From Willard M, Tvedten H: Small animal clinical diagnosis by laboratory methods, ed 4, St Louis, 2004, Saunders….
I Icterus Differential Diagnosis of Icterus Ileus Causes From Ettinger S, Feldman E: Textbook of veterinary internal medicine, ed 6, St Louis, 2005, Saunders. Physical Intestinal obstruction Overdistention by aerophagia…
D Defibrillation, Electrical OVERVIEW AND GOALS Electrical defibrillation is the treatment of choice for cardiac arrest characterized by ventricular fibrillation. It consists of application of an electric shock to the…
Z Zinc, Serum Level DEFINITION Zinc is an essential trace mineral that serves as a cofactor for enzymes in many tissues. It is important in regulation of the immune response,…
W Warfarin DEFINITION Commonly used rodenticide; testing is typically for retrospective confirmation (e.g., identification and prevention of future reintoxication or for legal purposes). Note: animals suspected of active hemorrhage due…
V von Willebrand Factor Assay DEFINITION Assay to detect von Willebrand disease (vWD), which results from decreased functional von Willebrand factor (vWF) and causes prolonged bleeding time and abnormal primary…
R Red Eye: Differential Diagnosis Regurgitation Causes From Ettinger S, Feldman E: Textbook of veterinary internal medicine, ed 6, St Louis, 2005, Saunders. AChE, Acetylcholinesterase; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus. Esophageal…
U Urinalysis DEFINITION Panel of screening tests done on urine to evaluate for inflammation, degenerative lesions, protein loss, neoplasia in the urinary tract, and systemic disease TYPICAL NORMAL RANGE Color:…
S Schistocytes DEFINITION Red cell fragments that are considered to be the hallmark of microangiopathic hemolysis SYNONYM Schizocyte PHYSIOLOGY Schistocytes result from shredding of red cells as they pass through…
T Taurine Blood Levels DEFINITION Amino acid with important role in retinal and myocardial metabolism TYPICAL NORMAL RANGE • Cats: <20 nmol/mL (plasma) is considered diagnostic of cardiomyopathy; cats with…
