Sand Impaction Basic Information Definition Accumulation of sand or gravel within the intestine producing irritation and potentially obstructing the flow of ingesta or gas Synonym(s) Sand accumulation, sand colic, sand…

Large Colon Congenital Abnormalities Basic Information Definition Abnormal development of the large colon resulting in alterations in the anatomy Epidemiology Species, Age, Sex • Foals with atresia coli present within…

Vaginal Hemorrhage Basic Information Definition Bloody vaginal discharge seen during pregnancy, most often caused by ulceration of vaginal varicose veins Synonym(s) Blood spotting Epidemiology Species, Age, Sex • Incidence is…

Fractures Metacarpal/Metatarsal Condyles Basic Information Definition Fractures of the distal condyles of the third metacarpus/metatarsus (MC/MT-III). Fractures originate at the distal articular surface and propagate proximally in the sagittal plane….

Rhododendron Toxicosis Basic Information   Definition Members of the family Ericaceae, including Rhododendron, Kalmia (Laurel), Pieris, and Leucothoe (Fetter bush) are toxic to humans and livestock. The genus Rhododendron includes the…

Dehydration Basic Information Definition A state in which fluid losses (apparent losses as well as insensible losses combined) outpace fluid intake Synonym(s) • Hypovolemia • Negative fluid balance Epidemiology Species,…

Neutrophils (Neutrophilia, Neutropenia, Bands) Basic Information Definition Neutrophils are the most common white blood cells in the horse. They are of granulocytic origin and are important in bacterial infection and…

Urachal Diverticulum Basic Information Definition A diverticulum from the cranial bladder to the umbilicus that is closed at the umbilicus and open at the bladder Epidemiology Risk Factors Neonatal umbilical…

Zinc Phosphide Toxicosis Basic Information Definition Zinc phosphide is a rodenticide used to kill gophers, ground squirrels, and other burrowing animals as well as mice and rats. Zinc phosphide and…

Temporohyoid Osteoarthropathy Basic Information Definition Progressive degenerative osteoarthropathy of the articulation between the stylohyoid bone and the styloid process of the petrous temporal bone (temporohyoid articulation) leading to eventual ankylosis…