Figure 36.2 Postmortem photograph of specimen in left lateral recumbency to view approximate orientation of viscera viewed through the right abdomen. The twelfth rib (A), the diaphragm (B), C-3 (C),…

Figure 10.2 The nasotracheal tube is guided into the ventral nasal meatus through the nares. Figure 10.3 Ventral placement of the tube is crucial to ensure passage without causing trauma….

Figure 29.2 A male alpaca severely affected by sarcoptic mange. This animal was primarily affected around the eyes, ears, muzzle, inguinal region, perineum, and feet. Deep scrapings (e.g., for Chorioptes…

Figure 68.2 The passage of a 5-French polypropylene catheter in a retrograde fashion into the nasal punctum to facilitate flushing of the NL duct. For animals with suspected atresia or…

Figure 51.2 Transabdominal ultrasound image of the urinary bladder in an alpaca. The ideal site for needle insertion is the curvature of the urinary bladder as it contacts the body…

Figure 19.2 A No. 15 scalpel blade may be used to create a small skin incision to facilitate passage of the cannula. Figure 19.3 The skin incision may be made…

Figure 22.2 One to two milliliters of 2% lidocaine are injected into the subcutaneous tissues en route to the epidural space. Insert the needle through the skin and approximately 1…