Alphaviruses Basic Information Definition The Togaviridae include the major causes of infectious arthropod-borne equine encephalitides and are divided into two main groups: the Alphaviridae—including Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), Western equine…
Atrial Flutter Basic Information Definition Supraventricular arrhythmia characterized by rapid, regular atrial depolarizations that are caused by a self-sustaining, single-circuit reentry mechanism. The atrial rate is approximately 180 to 250…
Biliary Atresia Basic Information Definition In horses, biliary atresia is a rare congenital absence of the common bile duct. Epidemiology Species, Age, Sex Considered a congenital disease; the signalment is…
Back Pain (Thoracolumbar Dysfunction) Basic Information Definition Abnormal function of the thoracolumbar region caused by pain, muscle hypertonicity, or stiffness. Severe cases include neurologic deficits. Synonym(s) • Thoracolumbar hyperesthesia •…
Biliary Obstruction Basic Information Definition Large colon displacement and cholelithiasis are the most common causes of acute biliary obstruction in adult horses. Rarely, foals may develop biliary obstruction secondary to…
Atonic/Hypotonic Bladder Basic Information Definition Dysuria or incontinence caused by sensory and motor deficits of the nervous system Synonym(s) Atonic or paralytic bladder, lower motor neuron bladder, spastic bladder, upper…
Arsenic Toxicosis Basic Information Definition Arsenic toxicosis is the syndrome caused by exposure to injurious amounts of inorganic arsenic (trivalent arsenic, pentavalent arsenate) or organic arsenic (aliphatic, aromatic, and phenylarsenic…
Ascariasis Basic Information Definition Mange caused by a variety of mites, including the chorioptic (leg mange) and psoroptic families Synonym(s) Mange Epidemiology Genetics and Breed Predisposition Chorioptic mange typically affects…
Anemia, Immune-Mediated Basic Information Definition Anemia resulting from a loss of erythrocytes caused by increased destruction by autoantibodies and complement. Synonym(s) • Autoimmune hemolytic anemia • Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA)…
