Borna Disease
Borna Disease Basic Information Definition • Borna disease virus (BDV) is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus that causes polioencephalomyelitis in horses. • Transmission most likely occurs through contact with infected…
Angular Limb Deformity
Angular Limb Deformity Basic Information Definition Angular limb deformities (ALDs) result in a limb deviation in the frontal plane either toward (varus) or away (valgus) from the body. They are…
Aortic/Pulmonic Regurgitation, Acquired
Aortic/Pulmonic Regurgitation, Acquired Basic Information Definition • Aortic regurgitation is common in older horses, and the aortic valve is the most common valve diagnosed with pathologic changes (usually nodular or…
Black Widow Spider Toxicosis
Black Widow Spider Toxicosis Basic Information Definition The female black widow spider, Latrodectus spp., is recognized by its characteristic red hourglass marking on the adult ventral abdomen. Only the bite…
Cervix, Defects of
Cervix, Defects of Basic Information Definition Cervical defects in mares may be caused by congenital, traumatic, or aging processes and may include malformations, muscle defects (healed cervical lacerations), adhesions, or…
Candidiasis
Candidiasis Basic Information Definition Candida spp. are opportunistic fungal pathogens that can cause a variety of localized and systemic infections in neonatal and adult horses that have been immunocompromised for…
Aortocardiac Fistula
Aortocardiac Fistula Basic Information Definition An aortocardiac fistula is a defect in the wall of the aorta at the right aortic sinus. The defect can take the form of a…
Aortoiliac Thrombosis
Aortoiliac Thrombosis Basic Information Definition Total or partial occlusion of the terminal portion of the aorta or the internal or external iliac arteries by masses of well-organized and vascularized fibrous…
