Glucosuria
Glucosuria Basic Information Definition Glucose in urine Synonym(s) Glycosuria Typical Normal Range (US units; SI units) Negative in healthy horses Physiology Serum glucose is freely filtered by the glomerulus and…
Insulin Resistance
Insulin Resistance Basic Information • Insulin is the primary hormone that controls energy metabolism. • The pancreatic β cells secrete insulin in response to glucose and glucagon. • Insulin secretion…
Immunodeficiency, Severe Combined
Immunodeficiency, Severe Combined Basic Information Definition A genetic disorder resulting in absence of mature functional B and T lymphocytes Synonym(s) Combined immunodeficiency Epidemiology Species, Age, Sex • Arabian foals and…
Protein-Losing Nephropathy
Protein-Losing Nephropathy Basic Information Definition A disease of protein loss via the kidney caused by an increase in glomerular permeability Epidemiology Risk Factors Systemic disease usually precedes the development of…
Organophosphate and Carbamate Toxicosis
Organophosphate and Carbamate Toxicosis Basic Information Definition Organophosphates and carbamates are cholinesterase-inhibiting chemicals. Organophosphates include dichlorvos, ronnel, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, and phosmet, and carbamates include carbaryl, aldicarb, methomyl, and carbofuran. Many…
Bilirubinuria
Bilirubinuria Basic Information Definition The presence of bilirubin in urine Typical Normal Range (US units; SI units) Negative or trace in healthy animals Physiology Unconjugated bilirubin (Bu) is a byproduct…
Hyperparathyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism Basic Information Definition A pathologic condition characterized by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the parathyroid glands, hypercalcemia, and bone loss. Hyperparathyroidism can be primary or secondary (nutritional)….
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Dental Basic Information Synonym(s) MRI Overview and Goal(s) • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) generates images based on the response of tissue to radiofrequency (RF) pulses while present…
False Dandelion/Flat Weed Toxicosis
False Dandelion/Flat Weed Toxicosis Basic Information Definition • Stringhalt, a unique disease of horses characterized by spasmodic hyperflexion of one or both hind legs, has been associated with horses eating…
Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism Basic Information • The equine thyroid glands are two firm lobes located in the dorsolateral aspect of the third to sixth tracheal rings. • In most healthy horses, the…
