Candidiasis
Candidiasis Basic Information Definition Candida spp. are opportunistic fungal pathogens that can cause a variety of localized and systemic infections in neonatal and adult horses that have been immunocompromised for…
Aortocardiac Fistula
Aortocardiac Fistula Basic Information Definition An aortocardiac fistula is a defect in the wall of the aorta at the right aortic sinus. The defect can take the form of a…
Aortoiliac Thrombosis
Aortoiliac Thrombosis Basic Information Definition Total or partial occlusion of the terminal portion of the aorta or the internal or external iliac arteries by masses of well-organized and vascularized fibrous…
Alphaviruses
Alphaviruses Basic Information Definition The Togaviridae include the major causes of infectious arthropod-borne equine encephalitides and are divided into two main groups: the Alphaviridae—including Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), Western equine…
Atrial Flutter
Atrial Flutter Basic Information Definition Supraventricular arrhythmia characterized by rapid, regular atrial depolarizations that are caused by a self-sustaining, single-circuit reentry mechanism. The atrial rate is approximately 180 to 250…
Biliary Atresia
Biliary Atresia Basic Information Definition In horses, biliary atresia is a rare congenital absence of the common bile duct. Epidemiology Species, Age, Sex Considered a congenital disease; the signalment is…
Back Pain (Thoracolumbar Dysfunction)
Back Pain (Thoracolumbar Dysfunction) Basic Information Definition Abnormal function of the thoracolumbar region caused by pain, muscle hypertonicity, or stiffness. Severe cases include neurologic deficits. Synonym(s) • Thoracolumbar hyperesthesia •…
Biliary Obstruction
Biliary Obstruction Basic Information Definition Large colon displacement and cholelithiasis are the most common causes of acute biliary obstruction in adult horses. Rarely, foals may develop biliary obstruction secondary to…
Atonic/Hypotonic Bladder
Atonic/Hypotonic Bladder Basic Information Definition Dysuria or incontinence caused by sensory and motor deficits of the nervous system Synonym(s) Atonic or paralytic bladder, lower motor neuron bladder, spastic bladder, upper…
Arsenic Toxicosis
Arsenic Toxicosis Basic Information Definition Arsenic toxicosis is the syndrome caused by exposure to injurious amounts of inorganic arsenic (trivalent arsenic, pentavalent arsenate) or organic arsenic (aliphatic, aromatic, and phenylarsenic…
