Cardiovascular Disease Congenital cardiac malformation Simple systemic-to-pulmonary shunts (left to right) Atrial septal defect Ventricular septal defect Paramembranous defect Ventricular inlet defect Subarterial (subpulmonic) defect Muscular defect Patent ductus arteriosus…
Bitting Problems Soft tissue origin Tongue lacerations Foreign bodies trapped within the mouth Pinched soft tissue at commissures of mouth
Guttural Pouch Tympany Basic Information Definition A congenital abnormality causing air accumulation in the guttural pouch secondary to an abnormality involving the plica salpingopharyngea Epidemiology Species, Age, Sex The most…
Anemia, Nonregenerative Iron deficiency Chronic hemorrhage Nutritional deficiency (rare) Chronic disease Chronic infection/inflammation Pleuritis/pneumonia Peritonitis/enteritis Bacterial endocarditis Internal abscess
Ataxia, Spinal Differential Diagnosis Common Causes Major Diagnostic Tests Cervical compressive myelopathy Cervical radiography, myelogram Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis Western blot, IFAT Equine herpesvirus-1 myeloencephalopathy PCR, titers, virus isolation West Nile…
Abnormal Peritoneal Fluid Abnormal color Serosanguineous Blood contamination during abdominocentesis Strangulating obstruction Post-celiotomy or post-castration Hemoabdomen Splenocentesis Brown, red-brown, or green Enterocentesis (few or no white blood cells [WBCs] on…
Abdominal Distension Obesity Regional adiposity Overconsumption of roughage Pregnancy Fetal hydrops Ruptured prepubic tendon
Corneal Ulcers, Superficial Nonhealing Basic Information Definition A superficial, nonhealing, noninfected corneal ulcer Synonym(s) Indolent ulcer Epidemiology Risk Factors • Any type of ocular trauma • Feeding hay from hay…
