Lameness of the Elbow and Shoulder Basic Information Definition Injuries and lameness associated with the upper forelimb, cubital joint, or scapulohumeral joint Epidemiology Species, Age, Sex Young horses are predisposed…
Draining Tracts from Jaw Soft tissue origin Foreign body Sialo-cutaneous fistula Abscess
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) Stimulation Test Adults Basic Information • Take pre-ACTH administration blood sample in heparinized or plain tubes. • Administer ACTH gel (1 IU/kg IM) between 8 and 10 am. •…
Diarrhea, Neonatal Noninfectious Foal heat diarrhea Mechanical enterocolitis (pica) Dietary (milk replacer intolerance, lactase deficiency) Necrotizing enterocolitis
Arthrocentesis Basic Information Synonym(s) Joint tap Overview and Goal(s) Aseptic technique and anatomic landmarks are used to access a joint, bursa, or synovial sheath and sample synovial fluid and/or inject…
Decreased Fecal Output Decreased intake Low-bulk diet, such as complete pellets only Cecal, large colon, or small colon impaction Foreign body
Colic in the Adult Horse Gastrointestinal causes Large intestine Displacement Left dorsal displacement of the large colon (nephrosplenic) Right dorsal displacement of the large colon Large colon volvulus Obstruction Cecal,…
Cervical Defects Persistent/chronic endometrial infection: Endometrial infections may be found secondary to a cervical defect, but should be diagnosed and treated prior to surgical intervention. Endometrial infections can also be…
Cardiovascular Association of Poor Performance Arrhythmias Atrial premature complexes Ventricular premature complexes Atrial fibrillation Supraventricular tachycardia Ventricular tachycardia Advanced second-degree atrioventricular block Complete third-degree atrioventricular block Congenital, valvular, or myocardial…
Cardiac Murmurs, Causes Differential Diagnosis Cardiac Murmur Lesion Identified by Echocardiography, Catheterization, or Necropsy Functional murmurs* No identifiable lesions Congenital heart disease murmurs Defect(s) in the atrial or ventricular septa,…
