Chapter 209 Intracranial Pressure Monitoring
• Maintaining adequate cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) is considered the cornerstone of successful treatment of acquired brain injury.
• By monitoring intracranial pressure (ICP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), the clinician can quantitatively assess CPP as expressed by the formula: CPP = MAP − ICP.
• Catheter tip ICP transducers (fiberoptic or miniature strain gauge) have been used with ease and accuracy in dogs and cats when placed subdurally or intraparenchymally in the brain.
INTRODUCTION
DETERMINATION OF INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE
Intracranial Pressure
1 Atmospheric pressure results from the weight of the atmosphere on the brain; for example, a higher altitude results in a higher absolute ICP. Because ICP is always reported relative to the atmospheric pressure, this component is usually not taken into consideration.
2 Hydrostatic pressure is influenced by the orientation of the neuraxis relative to gravity (e.g., consider a giraffe versus a rat).
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