Congenital Heart Disease

Chapter 12 Congenital Heart Disease



Keith N. Strickland



INTRODUCTION



Incidence









Box 12-1 Classification of Congenital Defects According to Pathophysiology

























































































































































CANINE FELINE
Defects primarily causing volume overload Defects primarily causing volume overload
Systemic to pulmonary (left-to-right) shunting  
Common Common
Patent ductus arteriosus Ventricular septal defect
Ventricular septal defect Patent ductus arteriosus
Uncommon Atrial septal defect
Atrial septal defect Endocardial cushion defect
Endocardial cushion defect Uncommon
(Pseudo) truncus arteriosus Truncus arteriosus
Valvular regurgitation Valvular regurgitation
Common Common
Mitral dysplasia Mitral dysplasia
Tricuspid dysplasia Tricuspid dysplasia
Uncommon  
Pulmonic insufficiency  
Aortic insufficiency  
Defects primarily causing pressure overload Defects primarily causing pressure overload
Common Common
Pulmonic stenosis Dynamic subaortic stenosis
Subaortic stenosis Uncommon
Uncommon Pulmonic stenosis
Valvular aortic stenosis Pulmonary artery branch stenosis
Coarctation and interruption of the aorta Fixed subaortic stenosis
Cor triatriatum dexter Valvular aortic stenosis
  Cor triatriatum dexter
  Cor triatriatum sinister
Defects primarily causing cyanosis Defects primarily causing cyanosis
Common Common
Tetralogy of Fallot Tetralogy of Fallot
Uncommon Endocardial cushion defect
Pulmonary to systemic shunting (ventricular septal defect [VSD]) Uncommon
Pulmonary to systemic shunting (patent ductus arteriosus [PDA]) Pulmonary to systemic shunting (VSD)
Tricuspid atresia/right ventricular hypoplasia Pulmonary to systemic shunting (PDA)
Double outlet right ventricle Double outlet right ventricle
Transposition of the great vessels Truncus arteriosus
Truncus arteriosus  
Aorticopulmonary window  
Miscellaneous cardiac and vascular defects Miscellaneous cardiac and vascular defects
Common Common
Peritoneopericardial diapharagmatic hernia Peritoneopericardial diapharagmatic hernia
Persistent right aortic arch Endocardial fibroelastosis
Persistent left cranial vena cava Uncommon
Uncommon Persistent right aortic arch
Endocardial fibroelastosis  
Pericardial defects  
Anomalous pulmonary venous return  
Double aortic arch  
Retroesophageal left subclavian artery  
Situs inversus  






SPECIFIC DEFECTS




Pathophysiology











Physical Examination






Diagnostic Testing




Thoracic Radiographs


• The radiographic signs of PDA (Figures 12-3 and 12-4) vary considerably with the volume of blood being shunted, the age of the animal, and the degree of cardiac decompensation.















Therapy and Prognosis



Surgery







Aug 15, 2016 | Posted by in SMALL ANIMAL | Comments Off on Congenital Heart Disease

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