Chapter 9 In small animal veterinary medicine four criteria are required to diagnose ARDS (Wilkins et al, 2007). Respiratory distress should be acute in onset (< 72 hours), with one or more known risk factors present (see Box 9-1). Evidence of inefficient gas exchange is required, together with evidence of pulmonary capillary leak without increased pulmonary capillary pressure. Evidence of pulmonary inflammation is an optional fifth criterion. Other differential diagnoses should be considered if the above criteria are not met in a patient (Box 9-2).
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Diagnosis
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