W Warfarin DEFINITION Commonly used rodenticide; testing is typically for retrospective confirmation (e.g., identification and prevention of future reintoxication or for legal purposes). Note: animals suspected of active hemorrhage due to ingestion of warfarin or other anticoagulant toxicosis should be evaluated with prothrombin time (PT) or assessment of proteins inhibited by vitamin K absence/antagonism (PIVKA), because turnaround time to warfarin assay results is typically long, and it is less widely available. SYNONYM • First-generation compounds: warfarin, indanedione-containing rodenticides • Second-generation compounds: cou-marin-based generics (brodifacoum, difenacoum, bromadiolone) and the indanedione, diphacinone TYPICAL NORMAL RANGE Consult laboratory for reference range and for inclusion of both first- and second-generation compounds in test panel. PHYSIOLOGY Well- but slowly-absorbed following oral administration. Peak plasma levels in 6-12 hours. Most is plasma protein bound, but high concentrations in liver, spleen, kidney. Metabolism occurs in the liver. Elimination rate depends on compound, amount ingested; may accumulate if small amounts ingested over several days. Warfarin half-life in dog plasma is 14.5 hours; the half-life of diphacinone is suspected to be days. Brodifacoum is assumed to be similar or longer than that of diphacinone. The differences in residual half-lives have important therapeutic implications. Compounds interfere with coagulation by decreasing coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X (competitive inhibition of vitamin K epoxide-reductase).< div class='tao-gold-member'> Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: D Y G N Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Clinical Veterinary Advisor Dogs and Cats Jul 24, 2016 | Posted by admin in SMALL ANIMAL | Comments Off on W Full access? Get Clinical Tree
W Warfarin DEFINITION Commonly used rodenticide; testing is typically for retrospective confirmation (e.g., identification and prevention of future reintoxication or for legal purposes). Note: animals suspected of active hemorrhage due to ingestion of warfarin or other anticoagulant toxicosis should be evaluated with prothrombin time (PT) or assessment of proteins inhibited by vitamin K absence/antagonism (PIVKA), because turnaround time to warfarin assay results is typically long, and it is less widely available. SYNONYM • First-generation compounds: warfarin, indanedione-containing rodenticides • Second-generation compounds: cou-marin-based generics (brodifacoum, difenacoum, bromadiolone) and the indanedione, diphacinone TYPICAL NORMAL RANGE Consult laboratory for reference range and for inclusion of both first- and second-generation compounds in test panel. PHYSIOLOGY Well- but slowly-absorbed following oral administration. Peak plasma levels in 6-12 hours. Most is plasma protein bound, but high concentrations in liver, spleen, kidney. Metabolism occurs in the liver. Elimination rate depends on compound, amount ingested; may accumulate if small amounts ingested over several days. Warfarin half-life in dog plasma is 14.5 hours; the half-life of diphacinone is suspected to be days. Brodifacoum is assumed to be similar or longer than that of diphacinone. The differences in residual half-lives have important therapeutic implications. Compounds interfere with coagulation by decreasing coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X (competitive inhibition of vitamin K epoxide-reductase).< div class='tao-gold-member'> Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: D Y G N Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join
