DEFINITION/OVERVIEW

• Tumor arising from major (e.g., parotid, mandibular, sublingual, or zygomatic) or minor glands

ETIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

• Mandibular or parotid glands constitute 80% of cases
  
• Mandibular gland most frequently affected in dogs
  
• Parotid gland most frequently affected in cats
  
• Locally invasive
  
• Cats have more advanced disease than dogs at time of diagnosis
  
• Metastasis: regional lymph node in 39% of cats and 17% of dogs at diagnosis; distant metastasis reported in 16% of cats and 8% of dogs at diagnosis but may be slow to develop
  
• Other salivary gland neoplasms: carcinoma; squamous cell carcinoma; mixed neoplasia
  
• Epithelial malignancies: constitute roughly 85% of salivary gland tumors
  
• Fibrosarcomas, lipomas, mast cell tumors, and lymphomas have involved the salivary glands by direct extension and invasion
  
• Adenomas comprise only 5% of salivary tumors

SIGNALMENT/HISTORY

• Dogs and cats
  
• Mean age 10–12 years
  
• Siamese cats may be at relatively higher risk
  
• Male cats affected twice as often as female cats
  
• No other breed or sex predilection has been determined

CLINICAL FEATURES

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