Y

Y


Y chemical symbol, yttrium.; symbol for yotta.


Y-autosome chromosomal aberration created artificially by irradiation in the process of producing sterile flies by the sterile insect release method.


Y chromosome the chromosome which causes the medulla of the embryonic gonad to form a testis. If there is one other chromosome present and it is X the newborn animal will be a fertile male. If there are two other X chromosomes, giving an XXY configuration, it will be a phenotypic male but sterile. Autosomal genes can have the same effect, creating an intersex newborn in an animal with XX chromosomes.


Y-linked inheritance inheritance determined by loci on the Y chromosome.


Y piece a leakproof connecting piece between the endotracheal tube and the anesthetic machine, the inspiratory and expiratory hoses of the machine each occupying an arm of the Y piece.


Y-plasty a technique for suturing V-shaped wounds in which part of the flap may be lost or destroyed, when the opposite end is extended and the flap is closed as the top of a Y. Also used for suturing circular wounds.


Y sutures anatomical structures connecting the concentric lamellae of the lens. The anterior one is erect, the posterior one is inverted.


yabapoxvirus [yab′image–poks″] a poxvirus of African nonhuman primates.


yabby, yabbie Australian term for Cherax destructor (freshwater crayfish).


Yabila grass see Panicum queenslandicum.


YAC yeast artificial chromosome.


yak (Bos grunniens) a large, very longhaired ruminant, native to Central Asia, with a round forehead, widely separated horns, a shoulder hump and a grunting call instead of a lowing one. Hunted for its meat and hair, it is also an excellent draft animal and can survive well at altitudes above 13 000 ft (4000 m).


yakka Xanthorrhoea.


yam see Dioscorea.


yang organs [yang] the hollow organs in the acupuncture catalog including stomach, intestines, biliary system, ureter, bladder, urethra, triple heater; they are not equivalent to the organs known in western medicine.


Yangtze River fever schistosomiasis.


Yankauer tip see suction tip.


Yankee war bridle a type of restraint used on horses; consists of a rope loop, passed around the horse’s upper gum and over the head.


yard 1. a unit of linear measure, 3 feet, or 36 inches, equivalent to 86.44 cm. See also Table 2.5. 2. a small fenced enclosure called also corral. 3. in the UK is synonymous with feedlot. 4. to enclose animals in a small enclosure.


yardage fee charged each day cattle are in a feed yard.


yarded enclosed within a fenced area. In the UK yarded cattle is synonymous with feedlotted cattle; the animals are enclosed in a yard for a brief period and fed fattening rations.


Yatapoxvirus a genus in the order Poxvirales, family Poxviridae that contains two viruses, yabapoxvirus and tanapoxvirus, that infect monkeys and humans in West Africa.


yawning [yawn′ing] a deep, involuntary inspiration with the mouth open, often accompanied by the act of stretching. Repeated yawning in the presence of other signs, may accompany signs of chronic abdominal pain, hepatic disease or rabies.


Yb chemical symbol, ytterbium.


yearling an animal in its second year of age, e.g. yearling cattle, yearling filly, yearling colt.


y. disease rinderpest in wildebeeste in the Serengheti.


yeast [yēst] a general term including unicellular, nucleated, usually rounded fungi that reproduce by budding; some are fermenters of carbohydrates, and a few are pathogenic for animals. See also mastitis.


y. artificial chromosome cloning vectors developed for the cloning of large (200–500 kbp) DNA fragments; YAC libraries permit the cloning of large genes with their flanking regulatory sequences as well as families of contiguous genes. They are difficult to work with and have the further disadvantage that the cloned sequences are unstably retained.


avian gastric y. Macrorhabdus ornithogaster; see megabacteriosis.


brewer’s y. Saccharomyces cerevisiae used in brewing beer, making alcoholic liquors, and baking bread. See also dried yeast (below).


dried y. dried cells of any suitable strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, usually a by-product of the brewing industry; used as a natural source of protein and B-complex vitamins.


y. products yeast additives derived from Saccharomyces cultures; commonly used in ruminant diets to increase dry matter intake and fiber digestion.


selenium y. selenium-enriched yeast; common form of selenium used to supplement the dietary intake.


y. two-hybrid system an experimental technique for identifying genes whose protein product interacts with another particular protein of interest.


yellow [yel′;o] 1. the primary color produced by stimulation by light waves of wavelength of 571.5 to 578.5 nm. 2. a dye or stain that produces a yellow color.


yellow bighead see Panicum.


yellow body see corpus luteum.


yellow burweed see Amsinckia.


yellow calf see copper nutritional deficiency.


yellow dog tick see Haemaphysalis leachi leachi.


yellow drumsticks see Craspedia chrysantha.


yellow fat recessive trait in rabbits resulting in an inability to metabolize xanthophylls, plant pigments which are precursors of vitamin A. The accumulation is unsightly but not harmful.


yellow fat disease a disease of many species, but particularly cats, mink and pigs, characterized by inflammation of adipose tissue and deposition of lipofuscin pigment in the adipose cells. Caused by a diet high in unsaturated fatty acids and low in vitamin E. In cats, it has been associated with feeding canned red tuna. Affected animals usually show anorexia, fever and a generalized hypersensitivity that is due to painful fat depots. Especially in cats, subcutaneous fat may be palpably hard, lumpy and painful. In pigs, caused by feeding fish meal. Called also pansteatitis and steatitis.


yellow grub see Clinostomum.


y. g. disease metacercariae of Clinostomum marginatum cause cyst development of the skin and viscera of freshwater fish.


yellow-head disease a disease of cultured penaeid shrimp, particularly the giant black tiger shrimp caused by the yellow-head disease baculovirus; characterized by yellowish discoloration of gills and cephalothorax and general tissue necrosis and a high mortality rate.


yellow lamb disease characterized by anemia, hemoglobinuria and jaundice caused by absorption of Clostridium perfringens type A toxin from the intestine.


yellow lotion a devilishly ingenious way of marketing white lotion by including a yellow pigment.


yellow oxide see mercuric oxide.


yellow pop flower see Glishrocaryon.


yellow rattle see Rhinanthus.


yellow rice discolored grain caused by contamination with the fungus Penicillium citreo-viride.


yellow thickhead see Panicum.


yellow vine see Tribulus micrococcus.


yellow weed see Amsinckia.


yellow-wood see Terminalia oblongata subsp. oblongata.


yellowjacket [yel′o-jak″imaget] stinging wasps in the family Vespidae, genera Vespula and Dolichovespula; often confused with hornets in the US and generally known as wasps in other countries.


yellowness average yellowness is now a required sale classification of scoured wool measured colorimetrically.


yellows enterotoxemic jaundice in lambs, caused by Clostridium perfringens, type A.


yellowses hepatic injury caused by poisoning by Narthecium ossifragum.


yelt gilt.


yerba-de-pasmo Baccharis pteronioides.


Yersinia a genus of ovoid or rod-shaped, nonencapsulated, gramnegative bacteria in the family Enterobacteriaceae.


Y. enterocolitica carried in the intestinal tract by many animal species but not commonly associated with disease in farm animals. Enterocolitis can occur in sheep and farmed deer. Gastrointestinal disease associated with Y. enterocolitica has increasing prevalence in humans and can be associated with a reactive arthritis as a sequel. Pork and pork products are major sources for human infection.


Y. pestis causes bubonic plague in humans and sylvatic plague in rodents and cats.


image

Y-1 Yersinia pestis on sheep blood agar after 72 hours′ incubation. From Songer JG, Veterinary Microbiology: Bacterial and Fungal Agents of Animal Disease. Saunders, 2004.

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Jul 18, 2016 | Posted by in PHARMACOLOGY, TOXICOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS | Comments Off on Y

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