Neutropenia

64 Neutropenia



Astrid Nielssen



1. What is neutropenia?

Neutropenia in the dog is defined as less than 2.9 × 109 neutrophils per liter.


2. What can cause neutropenia?

The following are the three main categories of causes for neutropenia:


1. Decreased production

2. Increased use due to excessive tissue demand or accelerated destruction

3. A shift in neutrophils from the circulating pool to the marginal pool (pseudoneutropenia)

3. What are some common causes of decreased neutrophil production?

Chemotherapeutic, immunosuppressant, or other drugs, irradiation, toxins, infections such as canine parvovirus or ehrlichiosis, stem cell disorders, marrow fibrosis, or myelophthisis are all potential causes of decreased neutrophil production in the dog.


A cyclic neutropenia, typically accompanied by cyclic decreases in the products of other cell lines, is a documented congenital abnormality seen in some Gray Collies or Gray Collie crosses. It is suspected that this disorder is the consequence of a defect in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor postreceptor signal transduction.


4. What diseases are associated with the neutropenia caused by overwhelming tissue demand or accelerated neutrophil destruction?

Acute severe inflammatory conditions, often caused by Gram-negative bacteria can result in neutropenia from an increase in the efflux of neutrophils from the circulating pool into the tissues.


Immune-mediated neutrophil destruction is possible and may be idiopathic (primary) in nature, or secondary to drug administration, infection, neoplasia, or other concurrent immune-mediated disease. Immune-mediated neutrophil destruction has not been well documented in the dog.

< div class='tao-gold-member'>

Related posts:

  1. Management of Heart Failure
  2. Pericardial Disease
  3. Hypocalcemia
  4. Canine Rhinitis

Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel
Tags:
Jul 31, 2016 | Posted by in INTERNAL MEDICINE | Comments Off on Neutropenia

Full access? Get Clinical Tree
Get Clinical Tree app for offline access