Hematuria

Hematuria



Basic Information image



Definition


Hematuria is blood or red blood cells present in the urine; it is associated with red to reddish brown turbid urine that clears after centrifugation leaving a red pellet in the bottom of the tube.



Typical Normal Range (US Units; SI Units)


Voided sample: <8 red blood cells (RBCs/high-power field (hpf); catheterized sample: <5 RBCs/hpf



Physiology


Erythrocytes may appear in the urine from anywhere in the urogenital system or the collection process (catheterization). Hematuria will result in a positive blood test on a urine dipstick



Causes of Abnormally High Levels


Hematuria may be associated with trauma, hemorrhage, urolithiasis, inflammation, infection, toxemia, exercise, or neoplasia.



Next Diagnostic Step to Consider If Levels High




• Determine at what time during micturition the hematuria occurred: Start of micturition suggests lesions in the lower urinary tract or genital tract; end or throughout micturition indicates urinary bladder or upper urinary tract disorders.


• Thorough physical examination with rectal palpation


• Complete blood count (CBC), serum biochemistry panel, or coagulation tests may help to differentiate some causes.


• Endoscopic examination of the urethra, bladder, and ureteral orifices


• Ultrasonographic examination or renal biopsy if lower urinary tract lesions are not present

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Jul 24, 2016 | Posted by in SMALL ANIMAL | Comments Off on Hematuria

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