Granulosa Cell Tumor

Granulosa Cell Tumor



Basic Information image



Definition


A granulosa cell tumor (GCT) is a sex-cord stromal tumor of the ovary. It is by far the most common tumor of the equine ovary. When the tumor is composed primarily of granulosa cells, the term GCT is used; when both granulosa and theca cells are present, the term granulosa-theca cell tumor (GTCT) is used.



Epidemiology



Species, Age, Sex


Intact equine females of any age. The mean age is 10.6 years with a range of 2 to 20 years. Juvenile cases have also been reported.



Associated Conditions and Disorders


Behavioral problems, infertility



Clinical Presentation



Disease Forms, Subtypes




• GCT


• GTCT



History, Chief Complaint




• Behavioral abnormalities


image Prolonged anestrus

image Aggressive or stallion-like behavior

image Persistent estrus

• Infertility



Physical Exam Findings


The affected ovary is enlarged and firm, and the ovulation fossa is usually not palpable. The contralateral ovary is almost always small and inactive. Rarely, bilateral tumors have been reported.



Etiology and Pathophysiology




• GCT is a neoplasm of the sex cord stroma.


• It is the only ovarian abnormality in mares associated with inactivity of the contralateral ovary.


• Inactivity of the contralateral ovary is presumed to occur by suppression of pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone as a result of inhibin secretion from the neoplastic ovary.

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Jul 24, 2016 | Posted by in SMALL ANIMAL | Comments Off on Granulosa Cell Tumor

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