Gamma Glutamyl Transferase/Transpeptidase (GGT)

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase/Transpeptidase (GGT)



Basic Information image



Definition


Induced enzyme: Membrane-bound enzymes (not cytoplasmic) with increased activity attributed to cholestasis, drug, or hormonal effects



Typical Normal Range (US units; SI units)


3 to 23 IU/L



Physiology


GGT is an inducible, membrane-bound enzyme found primarily in the biliary canalicular cells. GGT activity can also be found in renal tubular cells and pancreatic cells, and high concentrations can be found in the mammary epithelium in some species but not horses. It is involved in glutathione metabolism, amino acid absorption, and antioxidation.



Causes of abnormally High Levels




• GGT is induced with cholestasis or biliary hyperplasia. It is markedly increased with extrahepatic cholestasis (cholelithiasis and intestinal obstructive disease—particularly colonic displacement or stricture formation post duodenal ulceration).


• Mild to moderate increases occur with hepatocellular damage (hepatotoxins or infectious diseases) or chronic fibrosing hepatic diseases that cause cholestasis.


• GGT is normally mildly higher in training Thoroughbreds, neonates, and donkeys.

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Jul 24, 2016 | Posted by in SMALL ANIMAL | Comments Off on Gamma Glutamyl Transferase/Transpeptidase (GGT)

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