• Adult Fregate Island giant tenebrionid beetles (Polposipus herculeanus) are particularly sensitive to systemic infection with Metarhizium anisopliae, as are many other beetles. • Silkworm and other caterpillars are susceptible to Beauveria bassiana (muscardine). • Labyrinthomyxa marina is the most important fungal pathogen of oysters. • Peracute: Deaths without any external visible fungal growth antemortem (entomopathogenic systemic fungi). Fungal elements are only seen after death (if cadavers are not immediately removed). • Chronic: Individuals with obvious external fungal growth that otherwise are behaving clinically normally (opportunistic Saprophytes). • Reduced appetite and loss of coordination • Abnormal behavior: Subterranean species rise to the surface, and many species move to high places. • Many show no clinical signs before death. • Obvious fungal growth evident on live or dead invertebrates in a collection • Color changes of the body antemortem or postmortem (also caused by bacterial infection) • Mummification of adult insects after death. Exceptions are butterfly and moth larvae that may become flaccid with watery contents and may disintegrate if infected with Entomophthorales. • Small quantities of chalky fungal elements may be evident at the joints, the cloaca, and mouthparts.
Fungal Infections, Superficial and Systemic
Basic Information
Epidemiology
Genetics and Breed Predisposition
Clinical Presentation
Disease Forms/Subtypes
History, Chief Complaint
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Fungal Infections, Superficial and Systemic
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