Fibrinogen (Fibrin) Degradation Products/D-dimer

Fibrinogen (Fibrin) Degradation Products/D-dimer



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Definition


Fibrinogen (or fibrin) degradation products (FDPs) are fragments released following plasmin-mediated degradation of fibrinogen or fibrin. The d-dimer is a specific fragment formed only upon degradation of cross-linked fibrin.



Synonym(s)




Fibrin split products



Typical Normal Range (US units; SI units)




• FDPs <10 µg/mL (serum) or <5 µg/mL (plasma)


• d-dimer usually <1000 ng/mL (plasma)



Physiology


Activation of the coagulation cascade results in thrombin generation, which in turn cleaves fibrinogen to form fibrin monomers. Cross-linked fibrin is the end-point of the coagulation cascade. Plasmin (as part of the fibrinolytic pathway) degrades fibrin (and fibrinogen), resulting in FDPs. One of the specific FDPs is fragment D. Dimers of this fragment (d-dimer) are detected only upon degradation of cross-linked fibrin (indicating active coagulation and fibrinolysis).



Causes of Abnormally High Levels




• Inflammatory and ischemic forms of colic


• Postcolic surgery


• Sepsis in foals


• Thrombosis


• Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)


• Fibrinolysis during endurance racing, acute laminitis and colic


• FDPs also elevated with decreased hepatic clearance (severe liver disease)

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Jul 24, 2016 | Posted by in SMALL ANIMAL | Comments Off on Fibrinogen (Fibrin) Degradation Products/D-dimer

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