Esophagus

Esophagus


Idiopathic Muscular Hypertrophy



Basic Information image



Definition


Muscular hypertrophy of the small muscle layers of the distal esophagus



Epidemiology



Associated Conditions and Disorders


Idiopathic muscular hypertrophy of other regions of the gastrointestinal tract



Clinical Presentation



History, Chief Complaint


In most cases, the disease is asymptomatic and is discovered as an incidental postmortem finding. In a small number of cases, the disease may be associated with esophageal dysphagia (hypersalivation, nasal discharge of saliva or food) or recurrent esophageal obstructions by feed. Affected horses may also present with weight loss.



Physical Exam Findings


The findings of physical examination confirm the presenting signs, which include dysphagia, hypersalivation, and nasal discharge containing food material. Distension of the cervical esophagus may be visible or palpable.



Etiology and Pathophysiology


Unknown cause. There is muscular hypertrophy of the tunica muscularis of the distal esophagus without fibrosis or inflammation.



Diagnosis image



Differential Diagnosis




• Other causes of dysphagia (especially abnormalities of the pharyngeal and esophageal phases of deglutition): Pharyngeal paralysis, pharyngeal cysts, pharyngeal compression by strangles abscesses and guttural pouch empyema, subepiglottic cyst, fourth branchial arch defect, esophageal obstruction, esophageal stricture, esophageal rupture, megaesophagus, and equine grass sickness


• Other obstructions of the esophagus: Intramural esophageal cysts, duplication cysts of the esophagus, esophageal neoplasia

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Jul 24, 2016 | Posted by in SMALL ANIMAL | Comments Off on Esophagus

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