Diseases of the Rectum and Anus

39 Diseases of the Rectum and Anus



Anthony P. Carr



1. What clinical signs might be associated with diseases of the rectum and anus?

Many clinical signs can be seen with diseases of the anorectum. Table 39-1 lists some of the more common ones.


2. What is the typical signalment for a dog with perineal hernia?

Table 39-1 Clinical Signs of Diseases of the Anorectum






Dyschezia

Hematochezia

Constipation

Diarrhea

Fecal incontinence

Licking

Scooting

Foul odor

Discharge (purulent, hemorrhagic)

Tenesmus

Most dogs with perineal hernias are older and usually male.


3. What clinical signs are seen with perineal hernias?

Clinical signs are varied, though constipation and obstipation are common. Tenesmus and dyschezia are also often noted. Swelling of the perineal region can also be recognized by many owners. In rare cases, the urinary bladder can prolapse into the hernia resulting urinary tract obstruction.


4. How is perineal hernia diagnosed?

Careful rectal palpation, visualization of the hernia, and history are usually adequate to make a diagnosis. During rectal palpation, it is important to note any rectal deviation, sacculation (expansion of the rectal wall on one side), or diverticula (outpouching of mucosa through a rectal wall defect).


5. How is a perineal hernia managed?

With mild cases, it may be adequate to use laxatives and stool softeners. Surgical intervention (herniorrhaphy) is indicated in more severe cases. Emergency surgery is indicated if the bladder has prolapsed into the hernia sac.

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Jul 31, 2016 | Posted by in INTERNAL MEDICINE | Comments Off on Diseases of the Rectum and Anus

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