Dermatitis, Contact

Dermatitis, Contact



Basic Information image



Definition


Rare form of hypersensitivity associated to contact with potential allergens. Substances that have been identified as potential sources are soaps, shampoos, plants, bedding material, topical medications, insect and fly repellents, leather, disinfectants, dyes, blankets, and pads.



Synonym(s)


Contact hypersensitivity



Epidemiology



Geography and Seasonality


Contact dermatitis may be either seasonal or nonseasonal, depending on the inciting agent.



Clinical Presentation



History, Chief Complaint


Frequently, the complaint is the presence of vesicles or papules over the specific contact area. After the vesicles rupture, an erythematous area with serous discharge is found. Pruritus and pain are rare and minimal if present.



Physical Exam Findings




• Localized inflammatory reactions occur where the foreign material has been in contact. Generally, the lesions are very well localized, but multiple areas are occasionally affected.


• Areas of self-mutilation or secondary bacterial contamination may be present in the lesions.



Etiology and Pathophysiology




• In general, the particles that create the hypersensitivity are nonallergenic on their own, but when in contact with the skin, they penetrate through the epidermis and bind to carrier proteins, resulting in allergic contact dermatitis.


• The resulting type of sensitivity is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction.


• Some horses have more sensitivity reactions to fly sprays, and it can be exacerbated by applying these products before saddling and tacking because the pressure of the saddle and tack compress the offending chemical between equipment and hot sweaty skin.

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Jul 24, 2016 | Posted by in SMALL ANIMAL | Comments Off on Dermatitis, Contact

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