Cystitis, Bacterial

Cystitis, Bacterial



Basic Information image



Definition


Bacterial infection of the urinary bladder



Epidemiology



Risk Factors




• Urolithiasis


• Neoplasia


• Incontinence


• Iatrogenic contamination (eg, passage of endoscopes, catheters)



Associated Conditions and Disorders




• Sabulous urolithiasis


• Urolithiasis


• Urethral damage


• Incontinence



Clinical Presentation



History, Chief Complaint




• Pollakiuria


• Hematuria


• Incontinence


• Mild chronic colic


• Frequently posturing to urinate



Physical Exam Findings




• Dysuria


• Urine scalding or crystals on the perineum or hind limbs


• Hematuria


• Incontinence



Etiology and Pathophysiology




• Usually secondary to urine retention


• Decreased urine flow allows for bacterial colonization.


• Hematuria occurs when the bladder or urethral mucosa is eroded or severely irritated.


• Common infectious agents of cystitis include:


• Escherichia coli

• Proteus mirabilis

• Pseudomonas aeruginosa

• Corynebacterium renale

• Klebsiella spp.

• Enterobacter spp.

• Streptococcus spp.

• Staphylococcus spp.

• Candida spp. (fungal pathogen more common in neonates on antimicrobial therapy)
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Jul 24, 2016 | Posted by in SMALL ANIMAL | Comments Off on Cystitis, Bacterial

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