Chapter 29
Anesthetic Considerations for Neurologic Disease

Doc, I’m feeling dizzy

Stephen A. Greene

Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, USA

1. Q. What are some common clinical conditions in dogs and cats that may lead to raised intracranial pressure (ICP)?
   
   
   
   • A. head trauma
     
   • space occupying intracranial masses
     
   • hydrocephalus
     
   • inflammatory brain diseases.
   
   
2. Q. What are common anesthetic-related complications in patients with intracranial disease?
   
3. A. Common complications include seizures, altered mentation, lethargy, altered gait, and altered sensation [1]. During general anesthesia, respiratory depression or apnea is common due to the effects of many anesthetics on respiratory drive. Respiratory depression that leads to hypercapnia will exacerbate neurologic signs because intracranial pressure (ICP) rises in direct correlation to arterial CO₂
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