Anemia, Nonregenerative

Anemia, Nonregenerative



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Definition


Decreased red blood cell (RBC) mass (anemia) due to decreased RBC production



Synonym(s)


Nonresponding or nonresponsive anemia



Typical Normal Range (US units; SI units)




• Hematocrit: 27% to 43% (0.27–0.43 L/L)


• Hemoglobin: 10.1 to 16.1 g/dL (101–161 g/L)


• RBC count: 6.0 to 10.4 × 106/µL (6.0–10.4 × 1012/L)



Physiology


The bone marrow is unable to respond to the need to produce new erythrocytes as old ones are lost. This may occur due to ineffective erythropoiesis (defects in normal maturation of erythrocytes) or due to hypoplasia of the erythroid cells in the marrow (hypoplastic anemia).



Causes of Abnormally Low Levels


Causes of nonregenerative anemia include:



• Nutritional deficiencies (iron, vitamin B12, folate, or copper)


• Chronic blood loss resulting in depletion of iron stores and subsequent iron deficiency


• Chronic inflammation


• Infection or neoplasia (the so-called anemia of chronic disease or anemia of inflammation)


• Equine ehrlichiosis


• Equine viral arteritis


• Myelophthisis


• Myeloproliferative or lymphoproliferative disease


• Chronic renal disease


• Chronic hepatic disease


• Exposure to bone marrow toxins such chloramphenicol or phenylbutazone


• Lead toxicosis


• Radiation toxicosis


• Endocrinopathies

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Jul 24, 2016 | Posted by in SMALL ANIMAL | Comments Off on Anemia, Nonregenerative

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