Abscess, Perirectal

Abscess, Perirectal



Basic Information image



Definition


Abscessation around the aboral rectum and the anus



Epidemiology



Risk Factors


Anorectal lymphadenopathy can progress to abscessation. Anorectal lymphadenopathy is more common in horses 3 to 15 months of age.



Clinical Presentation



Disease Forms/Subtypes


The abscesses can be located anywhere circumferentially around the rectum and anus.



History, Chief Complaint




• Mild colic signs


• Depression


• Inappetence


• Decreased fecal output


• Tenesmus


• Dyschezia


• Dysuria



Physical Exam Findings




• Temperature is variable depending on the severity of the lesion; it is often elevated.


• Heart rate may be normal or may be elevated.


• Mucous membranes are variable depending on severity of compromise; they are often pale pink and moist.


• Colic signs are variable.



Etiology and Pathophysiology




• Progression of anorectal lymphadenopathy


• Rectal puncture


• Rectal tears, especially those in the aboral nonperitoneal rectum


• Rectal inflammation


• Migration of an abscess after an intramuscular gluteal injection



Diagnosis image



Differential Diagnosis




• Anorectal lymphadenopathy


• Small colon impaction


• Rectal tear


• Nonstrangulating small colon or rectal obstruction


• Rectal neoplasia


• Rectal hematoma


• Urinary tract infection



Initial Database




• Complete blood count: Leukopenia and leukocytosis are common; occasionally normal.


• Rectal evaluation: The firm abscess may be palpated in the perianal area or under the submucosa of the rectum.


• Ultrasonography: May see a well-circumscribed subcutaneous or submucosal mass.

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Jul 24, 2016 | Posted by in SMALL ANIMAL | Comments Off on Abscess, Perirectal

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